Die orientalische Melodie, das Licht von den Schiffen und die alte Architektur haben den Abend so besonders gemacht.
The oriental melody, the light from the ships and the old architecture made the evening so special.
The preposition aus always goes with dative, so dieser is used.
This is the superlative of the adjective wichtig (important). Just like in English, adjectives in German have the comparative form wichtiger(more important) and the superlative form wichtigste (the most important).
Remember, you can join sentences together in different ways. Here, we use a definite article that refers to the noun from the first part of the sentence. We use "die" because the noun is "die Kirche" (a feminine noun).
The article "dem" refers to "Palast" which is a masculine noun, but we are talking about a location, so we have to use dative case.
The verb used in this sentence is aussehen. This is a verb with a separable prefix. In preterit, which is used here, the separable prefix behaves like in present tense, and goes to the end of the sentence.
der Verkehr means "traffic". The verb used here is verkehren (to traffic) but in preterit form.
This is a genitive case. We will talk about genitive case very soon.
Es sang seems a little like "es gab". Instead of saying "Es sang eine türkische Sängerin." you can also say "Eine türkische Sängerin hat gesungen". Note that sang is the preterit of singen which obviously has an irregular preterit form (singen, sang, gesungen).
It was already mentioned in one of the lessons that you can make nouns from verbs. All these nouns are neuter nouns. So das Singen means "the singing". Notice in one of the previous sentences das Essen. It comes from the verb "essen" (to eat) and means "food".
Key phrases
Wie war dein Urlaub?
Wie lange warst du dort?
Die Griechen haben die Stadt vor über zweitausend Jahren gegründet.
Er hat die Kirche im sechsten Jahrhundert gebaut.
Die Stadt liegt an der Küste.
Questions
1. Wir _ _ _ _ _ ? vier Tage dort. 2. Das ist eine alte Stadt mit _ _ _ _ _ _ ? Sehenswürdigkeiten. 3. Es gibt auch den Palast, in _ _ _ ? der Sultan lebte. 4. Das blaue Meer im Sonnenlicht _ _ _ ? so wunderschön _ _ _ ?. 5. Es _ _ _ _ ? eine türkische Sängerin.